SGPA (Semester Grade Point Average) represents a student’s academic performance in one semester. While the core calculation method is similar across Indian universities, formulas, credit rules, grade replacement policies, and rounding methods differ slightly. These differences matter when estimating results, applying for jobs, or converting grades for higher studies.
This guide explains the exact SGPA formulas and rules followed by 20 major Indian universities in a clear, student-friendly way.
Universal SGPA Formula and Rules (Base Concept)
Almost every Indian university follows this base formula:
SGPA = Σ (Subject Credit × Grade Point) ÷ Σ (Total Credits in the Semester)
What changes from university to university:
Credit assignment per subject
Grade point mapping
Treatment of failed subjects
Rounding rules
Retake and improvement policies
1. IIT Bombay
Scale: 10-point
SGPA Formula:
SGPA = Σ (Course Credits × Grade Points) ÷ Σ (Registered Credits)
Rules:
All registered courses are counted
Failed courses carry grade point 0
Audit courses are excluded
SGPA rounded to two decimal places
Grade replacement allowed only after approved retake
2. IIT Delhi
Scale: 10
Formula: Same credit-weighted average
Rules:
Semester GPA (SGPA) and cumulative GPA shown separately
Failed grades remain until replaced
Projects and labs often carry higher credits
Rounding to two decimals
3. IIT Madras
Scale: 10
Formula: Credit × Grade Point average
Rules:
Internships and projects may have variable credits
Improvement exams may replace earlier grades
Rounding usually to two decimals, as per academic regulations
4. IIT Kanpur
Scale: 10
Rules:
Same weighted formula
SGPA includes all graded courses
Repeated courses may replace old grades only once
Department-specific grading cutoffs apply
5. IIT Kharagpur
Scale: 10
Rules:
Research projects and labs impact SGPA significantly
Internship credits count only if graded
SGPA displayed semester-wise on transcript
6. IIT Roorkee
Scale: 10
Rules:
Credit-weighted average
Failed subjects reduce SGPA
Retakes may replace old grades based on approval
Two-decimal rounding standard
7. BITS Pilani
Scale: 10
Formula:
SGPA = Σ (Credits × Grade Points) ÷ Σ (Attempted Credits)
Rules:
Flexible credit system
Elective credits vary semester to semester
Grade replacement allowed under specific rules
No rounding until final calculation
8. Anna University
Scale: 10
Formula: Credit-weighted SGPA
Rules:
Theory and practical courses have separate credits
Internal assessment affects final grade points
Failed subjects included with grade point 0
Rounded to two decimals
9. APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU)
Scale: 10
Rules:
SGPA includes all registered subjects
Grade point mapping published annually
No exclusion of failed subjects
Rounded to two decimal places
10. Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU)
Scale: 10
Formula: Standard weighted formula
Rules:
Practical subjects carry significant credits
SGPA contributes directly to CGPA
Rounding rules as per VTU circulars
11. Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU)
Scale: 10
Rules:
Internals + externals decide grade points
Credit-based SGPA
Rounding typically to two decimals
Colleges must follow university grade table
12. University of Mumbai
Scale: 10
Rules:
SGPA shown on semester marksheet
Viva, practicals, and theory graded separately
Failed subjects reduce SGPA
Uses credit-weighted calculation
13. University of Delhi (DU)
Scale: 10 (varies by faculty)
Formula (typical):
SGPA = Σ (Credits × Grade Points) ÷ Σ (Credits)
Rules:
Some departments still show percentage equivalents
Practical and theory courses may have different credit weights
Department rules override general guidelines
14. JNTU (Hyderabad / Kakinada / Anantapur)
Scale: 10
Rules:
Credit-weighted SGPA
Failed subjects counted with grade point 0
Regulation year (R18, R20, etc.) affects grading scale
Two-decimal rounding common
15. Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
Scale: 10
Rules:
Semester GPA shown separately
Some programs still emphasize percentage conversion
Credit-based grading for professional courses
16. University of Calcutta
Scale: 10
Rules:
Technical programs follow SGPA strictly
Humanities programs may combine grading systems
Rounding as per departmental guidelines
17. Osmania University
Scale: 10
Rules:
Credit-weighted SGPA
Attendance rules impact internal marks
Failed subjects included in calculation
18. Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE)
Scale: 10
Rules:
SGPA based on credit weighting
Internship and project credits vary by program
Grade replacement allowed for retakes
19. Amity University
Scale: 10
Rules:
Credit-based SGPA
Internship and capstone projects affect credit totals
Internal assessments play a major role
20. Lovely Professional University (LPU)
Scale: 10
Rules:
Flexible credit structure
SGPA calculated per registered semester credits
Failed subjects lower SGPA until cleared
Common SGPA Rules Across Indian Universities
Credit weight matters more than marks
Failed subjects usually have grade point 0
Rounding happens only at final SGPA
Internal assessments influence grade points
SGPA directly impacts CGPA
Important Student Tips
Always confirm credit values before calculating SGPA
Follow your university’s grading regulation year
Do not mix percentage and SGPA formulas
Use official transcripts as the final reference
Improvement exams may not always replace old grades
